Machine for making coal-bits.



PATBNTED MAR. a, 1908.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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H. BAGHARAOH.

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APPLICATION FILED MAR. 12. 1906.

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MACHINE FOR MAKING GOAL BITS.

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THE NORRIS'FETERS c PATENTED MAR. a, 1908; H.BAGHARAGH.

' MACHINE FOR MAKING GOAL BITS;

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 12 1906. 8

4 SHEBTBSHEBT 2.

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mvem'oa No. 880,618. PATENTED MAR. s; 190

H. BAGHARAGH.

MACHINE FORMAKING COAL BITS.

APPLIQATIQN FILED MAR-12, 1906.

L 4 I l- 6 3 wrmsssss INVENTOR 4 SHEETSSHEET 3.

HERMAN BAOHARACH, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

MACHINE FOR MAKING COAL-BITS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 3, 1908.

Application filed March 12. 1906. Serial No. 3O5A=9 L T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HERMAN BAOHARAOH, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, residing at Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a certain new and useful Machine for Making Coal-Bits, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to a coal bit making machine, and has for its objects, to provide a machine for forming bits continuously from bar stock; to provide a machine hav ing an improved rotary forging mechanism in which the wearing parts are easily removable and in which the machine work is reduced to a minimum; to provide a rotary forging mechanism into which the bar stock may be introduced without difficulty and in which provision is made for the lateral flow of the metal; to provide a rotary forging mechanism having improved means for holding the forging dies in place; to provide a machine having an improved shearing mechanism; to provide a machine in which the blank is sheared and finally formed at a single operation; to provide a machine in which the blank bar is securely held laterally dur ing shearing and forming, but in which there is no binding during the bending of the bit point; to .provide a machine in which the finished article is discharged automatically after its formation; and finally to provide a machine of inexpensive construction which is adapted to produce an absolutely uniform product with great rapidity and certainty. One embodiment of my invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is an end view of the machine;

Figure 2 is a side view thereof;

Figure 3 is a transverse section on the line (3) (3) of Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a plan view;

Figure 5 shows in plan and side'elevation the article produced by the machine;

Figure 6 is a diagrammatic side view showing the relative positions of the rotary forging die and the reciprocatory die;

Figure 7 is a plan view of the lower die with which the reciprocatory die cooperates, which view shows the means for holding the blank bar in position during shearing and forming;

Figure 8 is a detail showing the blank and die at the conclusion of the downward movement of the reciprocatory die;

- substanti?lly the same shape and size.

Figure 9 is an enlarged detail showing the ejection mechanism Figure 10 is a plan detail showing the means for forcing in the forging ring;

Figure 11 is a side elevation of the means of Figure 10;

Figure 12 is an elevation partly in section showing. the construction of the rotary forging dies;

Figure 13 is a face view of the rotary holding member which carries the inclined forging dies;

Figure 14 is a face view of the forging ring;

Figure 15 is a transverse section through such forging ring;

Figure 16 is a face view of the upper rotary holding member for the inclined forging dies, and

Figure 17 is a detail showing the forging die used in the rotary member.

My machine is designed to form coal hits as they are called such as shown in Figure 5 of the drawing. These bits preferably have a rectangular shank portion and a broadened end portion, which end portion is bent over and sharpened, as indicated in the figures.

Heretofore these bits have been made by hand, and after forging have been ground and tempered in the usual Way, but this method of making these tools has been found expensive and furthermore it has been difficult to secure exact uniformity in the manufacture, which uniformity is necessary because the bits are used in series in a traveling carrier and it is very desirable to have them The design of. my machine is to produce these bits continuously and uniformly from heated bar stock which is fed into the machine in long lengths and is finished up and is discharged automatically from the machine.

As illustrated in the drawings the machine consists primr rily of a preliminary forming mechanism consisting of rotary opposing cutters which flatten the point of the bit and spread it and a final forming mechanism in line with these rotary forging dies, and this latter forming mechanism consists of a sta tionary die and a reciprocatory die which is adapted to shear off the blank and form it into the finished shape.v Because of the re ciprocatory die necessitating a stop in the forward movement of the blank bar, means are provided for giving the rotary forging dies which feed the bar forward an intermittently step by step motion. This prefbit point.

erably is accomplished by means of a ratchet mechanism. After the formation of the bit by the reciprocatory die an ejecting mechanism operates automatically to discharge the finished bit.

As shown in the drawings, 18 is the base of the machine upon which is mounted. the driving pulley 19 connected with any suit able source of power, the rotary die forging members 20 and 21, the reciprocatory die member 22 and its co-acting stationary die 23, and the mechanism for driving these parts. The reciprocatory member 22 which carries the severing and forming die is pivotally connected at 23 with the eccentric 24 mounted upon the shaft 25, and such shaft 25 is driven by virtue of the spur gear 26 carried by such shaft and meshing with the spur gear 27 carried by the pulley shaft 28. The rotary members 20 and 21 are given an intermittent step by step motion by.means of the crank and rod connection 29, 30, operating from the shaft 25 and the ratchet connection shown in dotted lines in Figure 2 and in full lines in Figure 1, and including the plate 31 pivoted on the shaft 32 connected to the operating rod 30 by the pivot 33 and carrying pivotally mounted at 34 the pawl 35 which engages the ratchet 36 secured to the shaft 32. The step by step motion thus provided gives time between movements to allow for the operation of the reciprocatory die carried by the member 22.

The rotary forging members through which the blank first passes in order to produce the tapering flattened point, as indicated in Figure 5, constitutes an important part of my invention. The rotary forging members are provided with the driving gears 37, 38 which provide for the driving of the faces in the same direction and at the same peripheral speed and these cooperating die members are provided with the beveled faced dies 39 for producing the taper on the end of the bit as indicated in Figures'5 and 6. As shown a plurality of these forging dies are used and they are spaced apart distances depending upon the length of the bit to be produced. The bevel of the die 39 is on a slight curve as shown in Figure 17 as this shape has been found necessary to produce a beveled bit point having flat surfaces. This general arrangement above described is of course old and my invention resides more particularly in the construction about to be described for holding the dies in the rotary members and the means for providing for the lateral expansion and side forming of the Each of the rotary members consists of two sections as 40 and 41, (see Figures 12 to 16) between which the dies 39 fit and which members are kept together by means of the shoulder 42 and the key 43. The member 41 has, as shown in Figure 13, radial slots 43 for carrying the dies and also is provided with smoothly cored holes 44 through which the holding bolts 45 project and recesses 47. These holding bolts are threaded and carry on the outside nuts 45 my construction no machine work is neces-- sary on the member 41 except the end facing and the grinding of the slots 43 to fit the dies, and commercial nuts and bolts can be used. In order to confine at the sides the metal upon which the dies 39 are acting, and

These two nuts will hold the bolt in so produce a properly tapered side for the bit point, the lateral movable side rings 48 are provided on the peripheries of the lower rotary members and these rings together with the dies 39 constitute a confining groove for the blank bar. The rings 48 are provided at intervals corresponding with the distance apart of the dies 39 with tapered recesses 49 to permit of the lateral flow of the metal to form the flattened bit point and give a properly tapered edge. These rings 48 are mounted upon the rotary members 40 and 41 in such a way that they may move laterally. and are provided with means whereby movement is prevented in a circumferential direction with regard to the members 40, 41. This means consists of a plurality of spaced lugs 50 upon the periphery of the members 40, 41, which lugs take into correspondingly spaced recesses 5O on the inside face of the ring, which recesses are somewhat wider than the width of the lug, thereby permitting of the lateral movement specified. It is necessary at that point of the travel of the rotary members at which the beveled dies engage the blank to provide means for holding the laterally moving forging ring in at their innermost position so that such rings will confine and form the side of the bit point in the desired manner. I provide for this purpose the construction shown in detail in Figures 10 and 11 which includes the camming rollers 51 rigidlymounted upon the housing of the machine. As the point of the bit is of some length and the ring must be held during this length, two rollers spaced apart approximately the length of the bit point are provided. These rollers are mounted upon the slides 52 working in a supporting base 53. Means for adjusting these rollers is provided in the screw 54 carrying the collar 55 between the lugs 56 and screwing into the base 53. Vertical adjustment of the device is secured by means of the slots 57 and bolts 58 shown in Figure 11. As shown in Figure 12 the rotary members are adjustable bodily by the screws 40 and provision is made for oiling the bearings by the openings 40 effecting the other parts.

The provision of the movable rings provides an arrangement whereby the bar may very easily be introduced into the groove formed between the rings 48 as the rings can be spread apart a slight distance just before the rollers 'are reached, which result could not be effected where a uniform rigid groove is provided. Furthermore, the provision of the groove by means of the rings affords a cheap construction as the rings and rotary members can be very cheaply formed separately, whereas the formation of a groove by machinery in a solid casting would be an expensive and difficult proceeding. It will be noted that the whole construction of the rotary forging means is directed to extreme cheapness for the reason that the members 40, 41 and 48 can be cast and the only machining necessary is the facing off of the ends of the members 40 and 41 and the grinding of the side faces of the slots 43 for the reception of the dies, and that by reason of the separability of the parts any worn or broken portions can be restored without As shown in Figure 6 and preferably as used the opposing dies 39 are similar, thereby producing similar surfaces or angles on opposite sides of the bit point, but it will be understood that these opposing dies might be varied to produce an unsymmetrical bit point if desired.

After the blank bar has been thinned and beveled by the rotary members it is fed by the rotation of such members and carried past the final forming mechanism which constitutes another important part of my invention. This mechanism is constructed to sever the partially formed blank from the blank bar and at the same time bend and shape it into its final shape. The construction is most clearly illustrated in Figures 6, 7, 8 and 9 taken in connection with Figure 3, which latter figure illustrates more clearly the arrangement for discharging the blank.

It will be seen by reference to Figure 6 that the blank bar after leaving the rotary forging dies is guided by the member 59 and carried over a stationary shearing die 23, above which is the reciprocatory die 61 secured to the die carrying member 22 which is operated from the eccentric 24, (see Figure 3). This die has a shearing point 62 and an inclined forming surface 63. Spaced back a slight distance from the shearing die 23 is r the die 64-which is provided with a shearing edge 65 and a forming surface 66. The die point 62 during its downward motion is adapted to shear off squarely the ortion of the blank 67 (see dotted lines in igure 6) and on a further motion bend the bit point down against the face 66 and with its rear edge co6perating with the shearing edge 65 shear off the part 67, (see Figure 8). The part 63 forms the upper surface of the bit point and the surface 66 forms the lower side been heated to the pressed between the ies 39 and the forging of the bit point. The action involved here is ordinarily a bending one, although in some cases it may be desirable to slightly forge the point between the surfaces 63 and 66. It will be seen that the above operation involves a double shearing, first by the front edge of the point 62 co6perating with the shearing edge of 23, and the second by the rear edge of 62 coperating with the edge 65. This results in a properly sheared surface for the end of the approaching blank and a good surface at the point of the bit and all fins are avoided, a result which cannot be accomplished with a single shear. As theblank bar is liable to be twisted from its position by the operation of the reciprocatory die, I provide a side holding means most clearly shown in Figure 7.

mounted upon a laterally movable block 68*, which block 68 as will be seen by reference to Figure 3 is operated by the arm 69, the end of which has a roller engagement with a cam wheel 70 mounted upon the end of the sh aft 25. The block is movedoutwardly by means of the spring 69 which is mounted on the frame and engages the arm 69. construction provides for the advance and withdrawal of the block at proper intervals. The finger 67 engages the blank bar just in front of the die 63 and the finger 68 engages the blank just to the rear of the bevel point, thereby providing a secure holding at two points. That portion of the block intermediate the fingers 67 and 68 is cut away as indicated at 68 in Figure 7 so that the beveled portion of the blank which is to be bent is not engaged by the side holding means and is free to move downward with out binding at the side. In order to provide for the ejection of the formed blank the pivoted arm 71 shown in Figures 3 and 9 is provided. This arm carries a finger 72 passing through the side engaging die 73 and is adapted to be operated on the upward movement of the member 22 by the cam 74. The finger-72 therefore presses the blank to the left and it falls down through the passage 75, (see Figure 3). When the cam member 74 on the part 22 raises sufficiently the arm 71 is released and the spring 76 forces the finger 72 back to its original osition.

The mode of operation wil be clear from the foregoing, but to restate briefly such operation is as follows The blank bar having roper temperature is rings 48, which latter by reason of their lateral movement are easily pressed apart for the insertion of such blank. The blank is acted upon by the opposing dies 39 in the rotary members and the metal is flattened and spread so as to fit the inclinedslots 49 in the faces of the side forging rings. The step by step motion of the rotary dies 20 and 21 This side holding means consists of the two holding fingers 67 and 68 This then carry the blank bar past the guide 59 and over the die 23. The side holding fingers 67 and 68 are then operated by means of the parts 69 and 70 and the blank bar is clamped against the stationary die 73. At this point the eccentric carrying the die 61 comes into operation and the die 61 descends and the front edge of the cutting point 62 cooperates with the shearing edge of 2-3 and shears off the triangular section or fin on the end of the bit point. A still further movement of the die 61 carries the bit down to the position shown in Figure 8 at which point the bit is bent in to its final position and the triangular fin left on the end of the point is sheared off by the rear edge of the die 62. The side clamping fingers 67 and 68 are now withdrawn and the die 61. is raised, the cam 74 coacting with the arm 71 to move the ejecting finger 72 therebypausing the ejecting finger to move the finished blank laterally and discharges it through the opening 5. This series of operations is then re peated.

It is a parent that my machine is capable of consic erable modification and further that though it is desirable it is not absolutely necessary that the rotary forming dies and the finishing dies be used together. In fact it is my design under certain conditions to use these mechanisms separately so that the blank bars may be preliminarily formed or manufactured at one place, shipped to the miner, and such bars then put in a finishing machine and finished up in the same way that they would be if used in conjunction with the preliminary rotary forging mechanism. When so used the dies for preliminarily forming the blank do not need to be operated by a step by stepmotion, but may be run continuously and the blank very rapidly produced. The blank bars which have been preliminarily formed separately in this way may be placed in a finishing die of a construction similar to that 'shown, as used in connection with the rotary forging dies or if desired the die parts only might be used on an ordinary punch, and by proper manipulation substantially the same results be produced as where especially constructed for the purpose. It is also apparent that many modifications of the construction as de scribed might be used, as for instance with regard to the rotary forging dies it will be seen that it is not absolutely necessary to use two movable forging rings, but that if desired a stationary forging ring might be used on one side and only one movable forging ring used. While this arrangement is not as desirable as the one described, it is clear that y it might be used advantageously and I consider as within the scope of my invention.

It will also be apparent that a number of other minor changes might be made without departing from the .spirit of my invention, all of which modifications I contemplate in my annexed claims as drawn.

Having thus described my invention and illustrated its use, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is the following:

1. In combination, a pair of rotary opposing members each provided at its periphery with a plurality of spaced beveled dies having curved forging faces of a width increasing from the front to the rear, a laterally movable forging ring mounted on the periphery of one of the rotary members on either side of the plurality of dies and having inclined radial grooves in their faces adjacent the forging dies to receive the dies, and camming means adjacent the point of travel of the rotary members at which the dies meet, whereby the rings may be operated.

2. A rotary forging member comprising in combination a rotary member having a plain lateral face, a second rotary member provided with a lateral face adapted to bear against the lateral face of the other member and having a radial groove therein, a forging die adapted to fit the groove, means for holding the rotary members together and clamping means for the die in the second rotary member. v

3. A forging member comprising in combination a member having a clamping surface, a second member provided with a lateral face adapted to bear against the clamping surface of the other member and having a radial groove therein, and a recess adjacent the radial groove, a forging die adapted to fit the groove and bearing against the clamping surface, a threaded bolt extending freely through the'second member, and a holding nut on the inner end of the bolt and fitting the said recess.

4. A forging member comprislng 1n combination a member having a clamping surface, a second member provided with a lateral face adapted to bear against the clamping surface of the other member and having a radial groove therein, and a recess adjacent the radial groove, a forging die adapted to fit the groove and bearing against the clamping surface, a threaded bolt extending freely through the second rotary member and holding nuts for the bolt on both sides of the sec-- ond member, the inner one lying in the said recess.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of the two subscribed witnesses.

HERMAN BACI-IARAOH.

IVitnesses:

J. C. BRADLEY, 'F. E. GArTi-IER. 

